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Prescribed Learning Outcomes:
Unit 1 - Cell Biology
Part 1: Cell Structure and Function - analyze the functional inter-relationships of cell structures.
Unit 1 - Cell Biology
Part 1: Cell Structure and Function - analyze the functional inter-relationships of cell structures.
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Cell theory states that:
Biologists divide cells into two main categories. These categories include eukaryotes (cells that have a nucleus) and prokaryotes (cells that do not contain a nucleus). Eukaryotic cells are the structural units of animals.
Humans have an estimated 200 different types of cells. For example:
- all organisms are composed of one or more cells
- cells are the basic units of structure and function in living organisms
- all cells come from previously existing cells
Biologists divide cells into two main categories. These categories include eukaryotes (cells that have a nucleus) and prokaryotes (cells that do not contain a nucleus). Eukaryotic cells are the structural units of animals.
Humans have an estimated 200 different types of cells. For example:
- epithelial cells (skin cells)
- hepatocytes (liver cells)
- neurons (brain cells)
- osteocytes (bone cells)
- erythrocytes and lymphocytes (blood cells)
Steroids
Steroids are composed of a backbone of four fused carbon rings and are formed from a cholesterol precursor in body cells. Steroids have characteristics similar to fats. Some steroids differ from others by the arrangement of atoms in the carbon rings and the groups attached to the backbone. Testosterone (produced in the testes of males) and estrogen (produced in the ovaries of females) are synthesized from cholesterol.
Cholesterol is a component of an animal cell's plasma membrane and is a precursor for other steroids, such as bile salts. Steroid hormones can move about easily in the body due to their solubility in the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membrane.
Steroids are composed of a backbone of four fused carbon rings and are formed from a cholesterol precursor in body cells. Steroids have characteristics similar to fats. Some steroids differ from others by the arrangement of atoms in the carbon rings and the groups attached to the backbone. Testosterone (produced in the testes of males) and estrogen (produced in the ovaries of females) are synthesized from cholesterol.
Cholesterol is a component of an animal cell's plasma membrane and is a precursor for other steroids, such as bile salts. Steroid hormones can move about easily in the body due to their solubility in the phospholipid bilayer of the cell membrane.
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Part 2: Cell Compounds and Molecules - describe the characteristics of water and its role in biological systems, describe the role of acids, bases, and buffers in biological systems in the human body, analyze the structure and function of biological molecules in living systems, including:
– carbohydrates – lipids – proteins – nucleic acids |
Chapter 2: The Chemistry of Life
Section 2.1 - The Nature of Matter Section 2.2 - Properties of Water
Section 2.3 - Carbon Compounds
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Videos: Section 2.1
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Part 3: Enzymes - explain why cells divide when they reach a particular surface area-to-volume ratio.
How Enzymes Work Enzyme Action and the Hydrolysis of Sucrose Enzyme-Controlled Reactions |
Chapter 2: The Chemistry of Life
Section 2.4 - Chemical Reactions and Enzymes |
Video: Section 2.4
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Biological Molecules in Food Venn Diagram
Biological Molecules Review Activity
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Part 4: Transport across cell membrane - analyze the structure and function of the cell membrane.
Chapter 7: Cell Structure and Function Virtual Cell Worksheet & Website Video - Lysosomes Virtual Lab - Cellular Pursuit Section 7.1 - Life is Cellular Section 7.2 - Eukaryotic Cell Structure Section 7.3 - Cell Boundaries Section 7.4 - The Diversity of Cellular LIfe |
Videos: Section 7.1
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Biological Molecules Review QUIZ